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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 45, 213-230, Copyright © 1997 by The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

Pathway and Speed of Calcium Movement from Blood to Mineralizing Enamel

Tadafumi Kawamotoa and Masaharu Shimizua
a Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan

Correspondence to: Tadafumi Kawamoto, Dept. of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi Univ., 2-1-3 Tsurmi, Yokohama, Japan.

We studied by autoradiography the distribution of 45Ca in the enamel organ of frozen rats 4.3, 6.1, 7.8, 10.6 and 13.7 sec after an IV injection. The intercellular junctions of the proximal side of the smooth-ended ameloblast (SA) and the distal side of the ruffle-ended ameloblast (RA) were closed to calcium. The junctions of the distal side of SA, the proximal side of RA, and both sides of the secretory stage ameloblasts were not. The time required for calcium to pass through the ameloblast layer was less than 1.8 sec in the secretory stage and SA region. The time in the RA region was 3.5-6.3 sec. In the transitional region from RA to SA, a band of strong radioactivity appeared from the papillary layer of RA region towards the enamel of the SA region. The radioactivity in the secretory stage enamel increased almost linearly with time. The diffusion speed of calcium in the enamel was more than 50 µm for 1.8 sec in the maturation stage and less than 15 µm for 9.4 sec in the secretory stage. These results indicate that in the secretory and SA regions calcium moves to the enamel surface through the intercellular spaces of ameloblasts and in the RA region via RA cells. (J Histochem Cytochem 45:213-230, 1997)

Key Words: amelogenesis, ameloblast, calcium transport, mineralization, autoradiography, rat


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