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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 45, 481-492, Copyright © 1997 by The Histochemical Society, Inc.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Biotin and Digoxigenin as Labels for Light and Electron Microscopy in Situ Hybridization Probes: Where Do We Stand?

Jacques Chevaliera, Jing Yib, Odile Michela, and Xue-Ming Tangb
a Unité de Recherche "Immunopathologie Humaine", INSERM U430, Hôpital Broussais, Paris, France
b Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai, China

Correspondence to: Jacques Chevalier, Immunopathologie Rénale et Vasculaire, INSERM U 430, Hôpital Broussais, 96 Rue Didot, 75674 Paris Cedex 14, France.

Biotin was recently applied to detect cellular DNA or RNA. In combination with avidin, streptavidin or antibody, it can be conjugated with fluorescent dye, enzyme, ferritin, or gold. However, emphasis has recently been placed on the false-positive results that are obtained when this probe is used, because endogenous biotin may sometimes interfere with specific signals. Digoxigenin appears to be an interesting alternative because it is present exclusively in Digitalis plants as a secondary metabolite. We discuss in this review the efficiency and the respective advantages and disavantages of these two probes for in situ hybridization, mainly at the electron microscopic level. (J Histochem Cytochem 45:481-491, 1997)

Key Words: in situ hybridization, non-radioactive probes, electron microscopy, postembedding, immunogold, mRNA, avidin, streptavidin


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