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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 48, 13-20, January 2000, Copyright © 2000, The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

Nonrandom Distribution of Metaphase AgNOR Staining Patterns on Human Acrocentric Chromosomes

Laurent Héliota,b, Fabien Mongelarda, Christophe Kleinc, Marie-Françoise O'Donohuec, Jean-Marc Chasseryb, Michel Robert-Nicouda, and Yves Ussona
a Laboratoire DyOGen, UJF and INSERM U309, Reims, France
b Laboratoire InFoDis, TIMC CNRS,, Reims, France
c Institut Albert Bonniot, La Tronche, France, and Laboratoire d'Imagerie 3D du Noyau, UFR Pharmacie, Pôle Biomolécules,, Reims, France

Correspondence to: Laurent Héliot, Centre de Recherche de l'Hotel-Dieu, Quebec, Canada G1R-2J6.

The metaphase nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) contain ribosomal genes associated with proteins such as upstream binding factor (UBF) and RNA polymerase I (RPI). These genes are clustered in 10 loci of the human acrocentric chromosomes (13, 14, 15, 21, and 22). Some NOR-associated proteins, termed AgNOR proteins, can be specifically stained by silver. In this study we took advantage of technical advances in digital imaging, image restoration techniques, and factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) to study the different AgNOR staining patterns of metaphase chromosomes in human lymphocytes. Three predominant patterns could be distinguished: pair (47%), stick-like (28%), and unstained (18%) structures. By studying the frequency of occurrence of each pattern on different chromosomes, two groups could be defined. Chromosomes 13, 14, and 21 carried predominantly pair or stick-like AgNOR structures, whereas chromosomes 15 and 22 mainly carried pair AgNOR structures or remained unstained. We suggest that the different AgNOR shapes reflect both the number of ribosomal genes carried by each chromosome and the differential recruitment of active ribosomal genes in each NOR cluster. This is the first study showing a nonrandom distribution of AgNOR shape among acrocentric chromosomes. (J Histochem Cytochem 48:13–20, 2000)

Key Words: AgNOR, human acrocentric chromosomes, ribosomal gene activity, image deconvolution, multivariate analysis


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