Computerized Image Analysis as a Tool to Quantify Infiltrating Leukocytes: A Comparison Between High- and Low-magnification ImagesAnna C. Johanssona, Edward Vissea, Bengt Widegrena, Hans-Olov Sjögrena, and Peter Siesjöaa Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Section for Tumour Immunology, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden Correspondence to: Anna C. Johansson, Dept. of Cell and Molecular Biology, Sect. for Tumour Immunology, U. of Lund, BMC I12, 221 84, Lund, Sweden. E-mail: Anna.Johansson@wblab.lu.se
The purpose of the present study was to establish a rapid and reproducible method for quantification of tissue-infiltrating leukocytes using computerized image analysis. To achieve this, the staining procedure, the image acquisition, and the image analysis method were optimized. Because of the adaptive features of the human eye, computerized image analysis is more sensitive to variations in staining compared with manual image analysis. To minimize variations in staining, an automated immunostainer was used. With a digital scanner camera, low-magnification images could be sampled at high resolution, thus making it possible to analyze larger tissue sections. Image analysis was performed by color thresholding of the digital images based on values of hue, saturation, and intensity color mode, which we consider superior to the red, green, and blue color mode for analysis of most histological stains. To evaluate the method, we compared computerized analysis of images with a x100 or a x12.5 magnification to assess leukocytes infiltrating rat brain tumors after peripheral immunizations with tumor cells genetically modified to express rat interferon- (J Histochem Cytochem 49:10731079, 2001) Key Words: immunohistochemistry, computerized image analysis, high- and low-magnification, images, leukocyte infiltration, large tissue sections
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