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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 50, 33-42, January 2002, Copyright © 2002, The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

The {alpha}-Isoform of Caveolin-1 Is a Marker of Vasculogenesis in Early Lung Development

Maria I. Ramireza, Lee Pollacka, Guetchyn Milliena, Yu Xia Caoa, Anne Hindsa, and Mary C. Williamsa,b
a Pulmonary Center, Departments of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
b Anatomy, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts

Correspondence to: Maria I. Ramirez, Boston U. School of Medicine, Evans Biomedical Research Center, X-440, 650 Albany St., Boston, MA 02118. E-mail: mramirez@lung.bumc.bu.edu

Caveolin-1 is a scaffolding protein component of caveolae, membrane invaginations involved in endocytosis, signal transduction, trans- and intracellular trafficking, and protein sorting. In adult lung, caveolae and caveolin-1 are present in alveolar endothelium and Type I epithelial cells but rarely in Type II cells. We have analyzed patterns of caveolin-1 expression during mouse lung development. Two caveolin-1 mRNAs, full-length and a 5' variant that will translate mainly into caveolin-1{alpha} and –ß isoforms, are detected by RT-PCR at embryonic day 12 (E12) and afterwards in the developing and adult lung. Immunostaining analysis, starting at E10, shows caveolin-1{alpha} localized in primitive blood vessels of the forming lung, in an overlapping pattern to the endothelial marker PECAM-1, and later in all blood vessels. Caveolin-1{alpha} is not detected in fetal or neonatal lung epithelium but is detected in adult epithelial Type I cells. Caveolin-1 was previously shown to be expressed in alveolar Type I cells. These data suggest that expression of caveolin-1 isoforms is differentially regulated in endothelial and epithelial cells during lung development. Caveolin-1{alpha} is an early marker for lung vasculogenesis, primarily expressed in developing blood vessels. When the lung is fully differentiated postnatally, caveolin-1{alpha} is also expressed in alveolar Type I cells. (J Histochem Cytochem 50:33–42, 2002)

Key Words: lung, caveolin-1, caveolae, blood vessels, endothelium, vasculogenesis, development, alveolar epithelial type I cells


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