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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 50, 423-431, March 2002, Copyright © 2002, The Histochemical Society, Inc.
Tenascin-C Is Highly Expressed in Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Riitta KaarteenahoWiika,
Vuokko L. Kinnulaa,
Riitta Hervaa,
Ylermi Soinia,
Raimo Pöllänena, and
Paavo Pääkköa
a Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
Correspondence to:
Riitta KaarteenahoWiik, Dept. of Internal Medicine, PO Box 5000 (Kajaanintie 50), FIN-90014 Oulun Yliopisto, Finland.
Tenascin-C is an extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein expressed in human tissues during organogenesis and in fibrotic and neoplastic processes. We hypothesized that its expression would increase in human lung in neonatal disorders such as infant respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Tenascin-C expression was studied by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH). The extent of tenascin-C immunoreactivity was scored as absent (0), low (+), moderate (++), strong (+++), or very strong (++++) separately in different types of pulmonary cells in controls (seven cases), RDS (19 cases), and BPD (12 cases). In controls, tenascin-C expression was low (+) underneath alveolar and bronchiolar epithelium, moderate (++) in intima of veins, and strong (+++) around chondrocytes. In RDS, tenascin-C expression was moderate (++) or strong (+++) underneath both bronchiolar and often detached alveolar epithelium underlying hyaline membranes in the walls of dilated alveoli. In particular, the patients with RDS who survived for 1 day or more had strong expression of tenascin-C within alveolar walls. In patients with BPD, tenascin-C was very strongly (++++) expressed in the remodeled fibrotic alveolar walls underneath regenerative epithelium. Increased expression of tenascin-C mRNA was seen below the alveolar and bronchiolar epithelia in RDS and BPD. The cells in these locations showed -smooth muscle actin immunoreactivity, suggesting a myofibroblast phenotype. In conclusion, tenascin-C is highly expressed in the walls of alveoli and bronchioli in RDS and BPD, suggesting an association between the expression of this protein and the presence of these disorders. (J Histochem Cytochem 50:423431, 2002)
Key Words:
extracellular matrix, hyaline membrane disease

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