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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, Vol. 50, 1097-1111, August 2002, Copyright © 2002, The Histochemical Society, Inc.

ARTICLE

New Fiber Formation in the Interstitial Spaces of Rat Skeletal Muscle During Postnatal Growth

Tetsuro Tamakia, Akira Akatsukab, Shinichi Yoshimurac, Roland R. Royd, and V. Reggie Edgertond,e
a Department of Physiology, Division of Human Structure and Function, University of California, Los Angeles, California
b Laboratory for Structure and Function Research, University of California, Los Angeles, California
c Department of Molecular Life Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California
d Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan, and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California
e Department of Physiological Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California

Correspondence to: Tetsuro Tamaki, Dept. of Physiology, Div. of Human Structure and Function, Tokai U. School of Medicine, Bohseidai, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193 Japan. E-mail: tamaki@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp

The purpose of this study was to determine whether fiber hyperplasia occurs in the rat plantaris muscle during postnatal weeks 3–20. Total muscle fiber number, obtained via the nitric acid digestion method, increased by 28% during the early postnatal rapid growth phase (3–10 weeks), whereas the number of branched fibers was consistently low. Whole-muscle mitotic activity and amino acid uptake levels showed an inverse relationship to the increase in total fiber number. The expression of MyoD mRNA (RT-PCR) levels decreased from 3 to 20 weeks of age, as did the detection of anti-BrdU- and MyoD-positive cells in histological sections. Immunohistochemical staining patterns for MyoD, myogenin, or developmental myosin heavy chain on sections stained for laminin (identification of the basal lamina) and electron micrographs clearly indicate that de novo fiber formation occurred in the interstitial spaces. Myogenic cells in the interstitial spaces were negative for the reliable specific satellite cell marker M-cadherin. In contrast, CD34 (an established marker for hematopoietic stem cells)-positive cells were located only in the interstitial spaces, and their frequency and location were similar to those of MyoD- and/or myogenin-positive cells. These findings are consistent with fiber hyperplasia occurring in the interstitial spaces of the rat plantaris muscle during the rapid postnatal growth phase. Furthermore, these data suggest that the new fibers may be formed from myogenic cells in the interstitial spaces of skeletal muscle and may express CD34 that is distinct from satellite cells. (J Histochem Cytochem 50:1097–1111, 2002)

Key Words: skeletal muscle, myogenic cell, de novo fiber, interstitial space, MyoD, myogenin, M-cadherin, developmental MHC, hyperplasia, growing rat


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