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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry
Volume 52 (5): 663-670, 2004
Copyright ©The Histochemical Society, Inc.

Developmental Expression of Otoconin-22 in the Bullfrog Endolymphatic Sac and Inner Ear

Yuichi Yaoi1, Tomoaki Onda1, Yoshie Hidaka, Shinya Yajima, Masakazu Suzuki and Shigeyasu Tanaka

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan

Correspondence to: Dr. Shigeyasu Tanaka, Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan. E-mail: sbstana{at}ipc.shizuoka.ac.jp

In amphibians, calcium carbonate crystals are present in the endolymphatic sac and the inner ear. The formation of these crystals is considered to be facilitated by a protein called otoconin-22. We examined the spatial and temporal expression of otoconin-22 during the development of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) using RT-PCR, in situ hybridization (ISH), and immunofluorescence techniques. By RT-PCR, otoconin-22 mRNA was first detected in embryos at Shumway stage 20, and this expression pattern continues in late stages. The first otoconin-22 mRNA-positive reaction was detected in stage 22 embryos in the placode of the endolymphatic sac. Otoconin-22 protein was observed in the epithelial cells of the endolymphatic sac at stage 24. On the other hand, a whole-mount ISH technique showed the first expression of otoconin-22 mRNA in the inner ear, in addition to the endolymphatic sac, at the mid-phase of Shumway stage 25. We discuss the role of otoconin-22 in the formation of calcium carbonate crystals in the endolymphatic sac and inner ear. (J Histochem Cytochem 52:663–670, 2004)

Key Words: otoconin-22 • endolymphatic sac • inner ear • developmental expression • in situ hybridization • immunohistochemistry • bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)


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