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Originally published as JHC exPRESS on June 13, 2005.
doi:10.1369/jhc.5A6623.2005
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Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry
Volume 53 (12): 1459-1468, 2005
Copyright ©The Histochemical Society, Inc.

Provinol Prevents CsA-induced Nephrotoxicity by Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species, iNOS, and NF-kB Expression

Barbara Buffoli, Olga Pechánová, Stanislava Kojsová, Ramaroson Andriantsitohaina, Lorena Giugno, Rossella Bianchi and Rita Rezzani

Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (BB,LG,RB,RR); Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic (OP,SK); and Pharmacologie et Physico-Chimie des Interactions Cellulaires et Moléculaires, Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France (RA)

Correspondence to: Prof. Rita Rezzani, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, Division of Human Anatomy, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy. E-mail: rezzani{at}med.unibs.it

Cyclosporine A (CsA) use is associated with several side effects, the most important of which is nephrotoxicity that includes, as we previously showed, tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis. Recently, many researchers have been interested in minimizing these effects by pharmacological interventions. To do this, we tested whether the administration of a red wine polyphenol, Provinol (PV), prevents the development of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity. Rats were treated for 21 days and divided into four groups: control; group treated with PV (40 mg/kg/day by oral administration in tap water); group treated with CsA (15 mg/kg/day by subcutaneous injection); group treated with CsA plus PV. CsA produced a significant increase of systolic blood pressure; it did not affect urinary output, but caused a significant decrease in creatinine clearance. These side effects were associated with an increase in conjugated dienes, which are lipid peroxidation products, inducible NO-synthase (iNOS), and nuclear factor (NF)-kB, which are involved in antioxidant damage. However, PV prevented these negative effects through a protective mechanism that involved reduction of both oxidative stress and increased iNOS and NF-kB expression induced by CsA. These results provide a pharmacological basis for the beneficial effects of plant-derived polyphenols against CsA-induced renal damage associated with CsA.

(J Histochem Cytochem 53:1459–1468, 2005)

Key Words: fibrosis • kidney • Provinol • ROS


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