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Distribution of Neuronal Apoptosis Inhibitory Protein in Human Tissues

Johannes K.X. Maier, Sylvia Balabanian, Cynthia R. Coffill, Alexandra Stewart, Louise Pelletier, Douglas J. Franks, Nathalie H. Gendron and Alex E. MacKenzie

Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology (CRC,JKXM,AEM), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (LP,DJF), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and Solange Gauthier-Karsh Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (SB,AS,NHG,AEM)

Correspondence to: Alex E. MacKenzie, MD, PhD, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Solange Gauthier-Karsh Laboratory, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada. E-mail: alex{at}mgcheo.med.uottawa.ca

The neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) gene, also known as the baculovirus inhibitor of apoptosis repeat-containing protein 1 (BIRC1) gene, is a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) family and was first characterized as a candidate gene for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The expression of NAIP has been thoroughly studied in the central nervous system and overlaps the pattern of neurodegeneration in SMA. Recent studies have pointed to a role for NAIP in non-neuronal cells. We report here the production of a specific anti-NAIP antibody and the profile of NAIP expression in human adult tissues by Western blot and immunohistochemical detection methods. NAIP was detected in a number of tissues by Western blot analysis, but immunohistochemistry revealed that NAIP's presence in certain tissues, such as liver, lung, and spleen, is most likely due to macrophage infiltration. In the small intestine, the expression of NAIP coincides with the expression of p21^WAF1. This observation, coupled with findings from other groups, suggests a role for NAIP in increasing the survival of cells undergoing terminal differentiation as well as the possibility that the protein serves as an intestinal pathogen recognition protein. This manuscript contains online supplemental material at http://www.jhc.org. Please visit this article online to view these materials. (J Histochem Cytochem 55:911–923, 2007)

Key Words: neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein • baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 1 • J2 • p21^WAF1 • macrophages • intestine • antibody generation • immunofluorescence • peripheral blood mononuclear cells

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