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The In Vivo Expression of Dipeptidyl Peptidases 8 and 9

Denise M.T. Yu¹, Katerina Ajami¹, Margaret G. Gall, Joohong Park, C. Soon Lee, Kathryn A. Evans, Eileen A. McLaughlin, Melissa R. Pitman, Catherine A. Abbott, Geoffrey W. McCaughan and Mark D. Gorrell

A.W. Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Centenary Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and the University of Sydney Medical School, Sydney, Australia (DMTY,KA,MGG,JP,KAE,GWM,MDG); Department of Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and Cancer Pathology, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (CSL); Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia (CSL); Reproductive Science Group, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology and Development, and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia (EAM); and School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (MRP,CAA)

Correspondence to: Mark D. Gorrell, Centenary Institute, Locked Bag No. 6, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia. E-mail: m.gorrell{at}centenary.usyd.edu.au

The dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPIV) enzyme family contains both potential and proven therapeutic targets. Recent reports indicate the presence of DP8 and DP9 in peripheral blood lymphocytes, testis, lung, and brain. For a more comprehensive understanding of DP8 and DP9 tissue and cellular expression, mRNA and enzyme activity were examined. Many organs from C57BL/6 wild-type and DPIV gene-knockout mice were examined; DP8/9 enzyme activity was detected in the immune system, brain, testis, muscle, and epithelia. In situ hybridization localized DP8 and DP9 mRNA to lymphocytes and epithelial cells in liver, gastrointestinal tract, lymph node, spleen, and lung. DP8 and DP9 mRNA was detected in baboon and mouse testis, and DP9 expression was elevated in human testicular cancers. DP8 and DP9 mRNA were ubiquitous in day 17 mouse embryo, with greatest expression in epithelium (skin and gastrointestinal tract) and brain. Thus, DP8 and DP9 are widely expressed enzymes. Their expression in lymphocytes and epithelia indicates potential for roles in the digestive and immune systems. This manuscript contains online supplemental material at http://www.jhc.org. Please visit this article online to view these materials. (J Histochem Cytochem 57:1025–1040, 2009)

Key Words: dipeptidyl peptidase • testis • liver cirrhosis • epithelium • lymphocyte

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