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JHC exPRESS: First Published November 14, 2005. doi:10.1369/jhc.5A6738.2005
Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry
Copyright © 2005 Haque et al.

A more recent version of this article appeared on April 1, 2006.
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Articles

Immunohistochemical Localization of BMP Signaling Smads During Long-bone Distraction Osteogenesis

Tasima Haque 1, Manuela Mandu-Hrit 1, Frank Rauch 1, Dominique Lauzier 1, Maryam Tabrizian 1 and Reggie Hamdy 1*

1 Shriners Hospital for Children and Division of Orthopaedics, Montreal Children’s Hospital (MM-H,FR,DL,RH), Faculty of Dentistry (MM-H,MT), Department of Biomedical Engineering (MT), and Centre for Biorecognition and Biosensors (MT), McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rhamdy{at}shriners.mcgill.ca.

Submitted on May 20, 2005
Accepted on 27 October 2005


  Abstract
In this study we investigated the expression of BMP signaling Smads in distraction osteogenesis (DO). Osteotomy of the right tibia was performed in 14 skeletally mature white New Zealand male rabbits. Lengthening was started one week later at a rate of 0.5mm per 12h and was maintained for 3 weeks. The expression of Smad proteins 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 and Smurfs 1 and 2 was evaluated in the distracted zone using immunohistochemistry. The expression of R-Smads 1, 5 and 8 showed a significant increase during the distraction phase, followed by a gradual decrease during the consolidation phase. Smad 4 showed significant expression during both distraction and the beginning of the consolidation phase. Smad 6 and 7 were highly expressed during the consolidation phase. Staining for both Smurf 1 and 2 was maximal at the end of the distraction period. Staining for all proteins was most intense in chondrocyte and fibroblast-like cells. The expression pattern of the R-Smads correlated with our previously reported expression pattern of BMPs 2, 4, 7 and their receptors. These results therefore suggest a role for the whole BMP signaling pathway including the Smad proteins in DO.

Key Words: BMP, distraction osteogenesis, immunohistochemistry, Smad


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