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JHC exPRESS: First Published February 22, 2006. doi:10.1369/jhc.5A6816.2006
Copyright © Histochemical Society, Inc.

A more recent version of this article appeared on July 1, 2006.
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Identification of Antibodies against HAI-1 and Integrin {alpha}6{beta}4 as Immunohistochemical Markers of Human Villous Cytotrophoblast

Outi K. Hallikas 1, Johanna M. Aaltonen 1, Harriet von Koskull 1, Lars-Axel Lindberg 1, Leena Valmu 1, Nisse Kalkkinen 1, Torsten Wahlström 1, Hiroaki Kataoka 1, Leif Andersson 1, Dan Lindholm 1 and Jim Schröder 1*

1 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences (OKH,JS), Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences (L-AL), Institute of Biotechnology, Protein Chemistry Laboratory (LV,NK), Haartman Institute (TW), and Department of Pathology (LA), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Minerva Medical Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (JMA,DL); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland (HvK); and Second Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan (HK)

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Jim.Schroder{at}helsinki.fi.

Submitted on August 17, 2005
Accepted on 3 February 2006


  Abstract
Syncytiotrophoblast and invasive extravillous trophoblast arise from a common stem cell, namely villous cytotrophoblast, but have very different characteristics. The study of the differentiation process relies on the availability of suitable markers for these different cell types of developing placenta. In this work, we have produced monoclonal antibodies that are specific to human villous cytotrophoblast. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) MG2 was specific to villous cytotrophoblast across gestation, and recognizes hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1). MAb MD10 stained villous cytotrophoblast across gestation and also some endothelial cells particularly in the second or third trimester. MAb MD10 recognizes human integrin {alpha}6{beta}4. As a test for specificity, the novel mAbs were also used for staining of frozen tissue from human colon carcinoma. The results show that the two antibodies can be used as tools to study human villous cytotrophoblast and also human tumors. The MG2 antibody seems most specific and promising to study various aspects of human villous cytotrophoblast.

Key Words: placenta, villous cytotrophoblast, monoclonal antibodies


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