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JHC exPRESS: First Published September 6, 2006. doi:10.1369/jhc.6A6960.2006
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A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2006.
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Subcellular Localization of CIAPIN1

Zhiming Hao 1, Xiaohua Li 1, Taidong Qiao 1, Rui Du 1, Guoyun Zhang 1 and Daiming Fan 1*

1 State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: fandaim{at}fmmu.edu.cn.

Submitted on March 3, 2006
Accepted on 9 August 2006


  Abstract
CIAPIN1 (cytokine induced apoptosis inhibitor 1) is a newly identified anti-apoptotic molecule. Our previous studies have demonstrated that CIAPIN1 is ubiqitously expressed in normal fetal and adult human tissues, and confers multidrug resistance in gastric cancer cells possibly by upregulating the expression of multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR-1) and multidrug resistence related protein 1 (MRP-1). However, the fundamental biological functions of CIAPIN1 have not been elucidated. In this study, we first predicted the subcellular localization of CIAPIN1 with bioinformatic approaches and then characterized the intracellular localization of CIAPIN1 in both human and mouse cells by a combination of techniques, including (i) immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence; (ii) His-tagged-CIAPIN1 expression; and (iii) subcellular fractionation and analysis of CIAPIN1 in the fractions by Western blotting. All the methods produced consistent results; CIAPIN1 was localized in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus, and was accumulated in the nucleolus. Bioinformatic prediction disclosed a putative nuclear localization signal (NLS) and a putative nuclear export signal (NES) within both human and mouse CIAPIN1. These findings suggest that CIAPIN1 may undergo a cytoplasm-nucleus-nucleolus translocation.

Key Words: CIAPIN1, subcellular localization, immunofluorescence, nucleolus, cell fractionation, bioinformatic analysis


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